Background: An incisional hernia is a common complication following abdominal surgery. Polypropylene mesh is\nfrequently used in the repair of such defects and has nearly become the standard surgical treatment modality. Though\nthey are very effective in reducing recurrence, mesh materials exhibit a strong stimulating effect for intraabdominal\nadhesion. The thymoquinone (TQ) extracted from Nigella sativa seeds has potential medical properties. TQ has antiinflammatory,\nantioxidant and antibacterial properties. The aim of this study is to coat polypropylene mesh with TQ in\norder to investigate the effect of surface modification on intraabdominal adhesions.\nMethods: TQ-coated polypropylene mesh material was tested for cytotoxicity, contact angle, surface spectroscopy, TQ\ncontent, sterility, and electron microscopic surface properties. An experimental incisional hernia model was created in\nstudy groups, each consisting of 12 female Wistar rats. The defect was closed with uncoated mesh in control group,\nwith polylactic acid (PLA) coated mesh and PLA-TQ coated mesh in study groups. Adhesion scores and histopathologic\nproperties were evaluated after sacrifice on postoperative 21th day.\nResults: Granuloma formation, lymphocyte and polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration, histiocyte fibroblast and\ngiant cell formation, capillary infiltration, collagen content were significantly reduced in the PLA-TQ coated mesh group\n(p < 0.05). Though not statistically significant, likely due to the limited number of study animals, adhesion formation was\nalso reduced in the PLA-TQ coated mesh group (p: 0.067).\nConclusion: TQ coated mesh is shown to reduce adhesion formation and TQ is a promising coating material for mesh\nsurface modification.
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